Melt inclusions and host olivine from 3.27 Ga komatiitic lava flows (Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa)

Creator(s):
Vezinet, Adrien
Chugunov, Aleksandr V
Sobolev, Alexander V
Jain, Charitra
Sobolev, Stephan V
Batanova, Valentina G
Asafov, Evgeny V
Koshlyakova, Alina N
Arndt, Nicholas T
Danyushevsky, Leonid V
Valley, John W
Abstract:
The rates of continental crust growth and recycling on early Earth remain controversial because materials in the ancient crust and mantle have been altered, or even erased, by ongoing geodynamical processes. Melt inclusions in minerals are pockets of magma that have been trapped and shielded from the external environment. Where found within Archean high-Mg olivine—the first mineral to crystallize in mantle-derived melts—these inclusions can provide an unaltered glimpse of the geochemical state of the early Earth’s mantle. We discovered an unprecedented unradiogenic Sr mantle source component (87Sr/86Sr=0.69932±0.00024, 95% c.i. here and below) in mantle-derived melts trapped in olivine from ca. 3.27 Ga komatiitic lava flows (Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa). This component shows a 4.31±0.19 Ga model age combined with significant chemical fractionation (Nb/U=36.9±1.5, Ce/Pb=16.7±1.1), translating to the extraction, by the late-Hadean, of 80%±16% of the mass of present-day continental crust, assuming whole mantle processing. That agrees with the results of our geodynamic models explaining the Nb/U and Ce/Pb data by the production of 40 to 70% of the present-day continental crust mass during the Hadean in a fluctuating mobile-lid tectonic regime with several tens of million years-long periods of massive subduction induced by mantle plumes.
How to cite this dataset:
Vezinet, A., Chugunov, A. V., Sobolev, A. V., Jain, C., Sobolev, S. V., Batanova, V. G., Asafov, E. V., Koshlyakova, A. N., Arndt, N. T., Danyushevsky, L. V., Valley, J. W., 2025. Melt inclusions and host olivine from 3.27 Ga komatiitic lava flows (Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa), Version 1.0. Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA). https://doi.org/10.60520/IEDA/113703. Accessed 2025-04-23.
DOI Creation Date:
2025-03-12
Related
Publication(s):
Sobolev, A. V., Asafov, E. V., Gurenko, A. A., Arndt, N. T., Batanova, V. G., Portnyagin, M. V., Garbe-Schonberg, D. & Krasheninnikov, S. P. (2016). Komatiites reveal a hydrous Archaean deep-mantle reservoir. Nature 531, 628-632.

Asafov, E. V., Sobolev, A. V., Gurenko, A. A., Arndt, N. T., Batanova, V. G., Portnyagin, M. V., Garbe-Schonberg, D. & Krasheninnikov, S. P. (2018). Belingwe komatiites (2.7 Ga) originate from a plume with moderate water content, as inferred from inclusions in olivine. Chemical Geology 478, 39-59.

Sobolev, A.V., Asafov, E.V., Gurenko, A.A. Arndt, N.T., Batanova, V.G., Portnyagin, M.V., Garbe-Schönberg, D., Wilson, A.H., Byerly, G.R. (2019). Deep hydrous mantle reservoir provides evidence for crustal recycling before 3.3 Gyr ago. Nature.

Asafov E.V., Sobolev A.V., Batanova V.G., Portnyagin M.V. (2020). Chlorine in the Earth's Mantle as an Indicator of the Global Recycling of Oceanic Crust. Russian Geology and Geophysics.
License:
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International [CC-BY-SA-4.0]
Funding source(s):
France: grant of the European Research Council: ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program
Russia: grant of Russian Research Foundation no 22-77-00081
Germany: geodynamic modelling: project bbk00014) by the administration of the high-performance computer cluster “Lise” at the NHR Centre NHR@ZIB supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the state governmen
Keyword(s):
Coverage Scope: Global
Geographic Location: Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa.
User Contributed Keyword(s):
komatiite, olivine, melt inclusions, volatiles, Archean, Hadean, continental crust growth, mantle plume, subduction
Data Available On:
2025-03-13
Resource Type:
Dataset
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