Nd-Hf isotopic compositions of picrite basalts associated with the Iceland mantle plume
Creator(s):
Peters, Bradley
Abstract:
Mantle plumes produce geochemically diverse lavas over their lifetime, some of which preserve compositions derived from Earth’s foundational events. Most studies of plume-related lavas in this context have focused on modern ocean island basalts (OIB), primarily because these are relatively free of geochemical influences from crustal assimilation that may obscure the compositions of their mantle sources. Notwithstanding, there is no a priori reason why a mantle plume should consistently tap the same mantle domain over geological time, which means that ancient plume-related magmas may preserve a perspective on the early Earth that complements modern OIB. This study utilizes picrites with high 3He/4He ratios, a primary indicator for ancient, undegassed mantle domains, to develop a mutli-dimensional short-lived radiogenic isotope database for lavas erupted throughout the ~60 Ma history of the Iceland hotspot. It is demonstrated that the Iceland plume has tapped a variety of early-formed mantle domains, and that the head of the Iceland plume rapidly shifted between tapping domains with distinct histories. This behavior may reflect both the higher buoyancy flux of plume heads as well as the petrological and physical properties of these domains. Together, these data highlight the importance of developing comprehensive, high-precision short-lived radiogenic isotope datasets for all stages of plume magmatism, since the geochemical compositions of modern OIB reflect only one set of mantle domains that can be potentially tapped by mantle plumes.
How to cite this dataset:
Peters, B., 2025. Nd-Hf isotopic compositions of picrite basalts associated with the Iceland mantle plume, Version 1.0. Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA).
https://doi.org/10.60520/IEDA/113769. Accessed 2025-05-09.
DOI Creation Date:
2025-04-11
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International [CC-BY-4.0]
Funding source(s):
Swiss National Science Foundation
Austrian National Science Foundation
Keyword(s):
Coverage Scope: Regional (Continents, Oceans)
Geographic Location: Iceland
User Contributed Keyword(s):
Nd-Hf Isotope, Iceland, mantle
Data Available On:
2025-04-12