Dataset Information

DOI: 10.60520/IEDA/113800

Magmatic source of the opening phase of Kīlauea’s 2018 Lower East Rift Zone eruption

Creator(s):
Gallo, Rose I; ORCID: 0000-0002-2576-4221
Barreau, Laurine
Shea, Thomas
Cluzel, Nicolas
Russo, Chris
Pietruszka, Aaron
Nelson, William
Wallace, Paul
Gansecki, Cheryl
Abstract:
The 2018 eruption of Kīlauea volcano in its Lower East Rift Zone began with the discharge of evolved high-Ti basalt as weak lava fountains and short, slow-moving lava flows. The lavas were quickly geochemically recognized as being derived from magmas stored within the rift zone and remobilized by a new intrusion, a sequence that is common at Kīlauea. We investigate possible magma sources for the lavas erupted during phase 1a of the 2018 eruption using whole rock, mineral, and glass major and trace element compositions from historical East Rift Zone eruptions with adjacent fissures. Our results suggest that magma associated with the earliest phases of Kīlauea’s 1955 eruption was the most likely source of the 2018 phase 1a remobilized magma. We determine volatile saturation pressures from melt inclusion chemistry and find similar storage depths for the 2018 phase 1a and early 1955 magmas. The phase 1a and early 1955 lavas are nearly indistinguishable in all of the compositional criteria, implying that the leftover 1955 magma body barely cooled and differentiated in the 63 years between eruptions (cooling rates of ~ 0.13 °C/year).
How to cite this dataset:
Gallo, R. I., Barreau, L., Shea, T., Cluzel, N., Russo, C., Pietruszka, A., Nelson, W., Wallace, P., Gansecki, C., 2026. Magmatic source of the opening phase of Kīlauea’s 2018 Lower East Rift Zone eruption, Version 1.0. Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA). https://doi.org/10.60520/IEDA/113800. Accessed 2025-05-30.
DOI Creation Date:
2025-05-06
Related
Publication(s):
Submitted for publication as: Rose Gallo, Laurine Barreau, Thomas Shea, Nicolas Cluzel, Chris Russo, Aaron Pietruszka, William Nelson, Allan Lerner, Paul Wallace, Cheryl Gansecki (submitted) Magmatic source of the opening phase of Kīlauea’s 2018 Lower East Rift Zone eruption, Journal of Petrology
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International [CC-BY-4.0]
Funding source(s):
National Science Foundation: 2020045
Keyword(s):
Coverage Scope: Other
Geographic Location: Kīlauea; East Rift Zone; Hawai'i
User Contributed Keyword(s):
Kīlauea; magma storage; melt inclusions; rift zone; trace elements; major elements; volatiles
Data Available On:
2026-05-01
Resource Type:
Collection
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Related Information
References:
Smithsonian Volcano Number: 332010